अधोलिखितानि चार्ट्स् अन्तर्राष्ट्रीयध्वनिवर्णमाला विकिपीडियालेखेषु शास्त्रीयसंस्कृतोच्चारणस्य प्रतिनिधित्वं यथा करोति तत् दर्शयति।
संस्कृतस्य शब्दानां सम्यक्तरविमर्शार्थं शिक्षा पश्यन्तु।
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| Vowels[५][६]
|
| IPA |
Nagari |
IAST[२] |
English approximation
|
| ɐ
|
अ, प |
a |
comma
|
| फलकम्:IPA link
|
आ, पा |
ā |
bra
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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इ, पि |
i |
sit
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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ई, पी |
ī |
feet
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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उ, पु |
u |
look
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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ऊ, पू |
ū |
loot
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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ऋ, पृ |
ṛ |
as rri
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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ॠ, पॄ |
ṝ |
as rrī
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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ए, पे |
e |
wait
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| ai
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ऐ, पै |
ai |
hi
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| फलकम्:IPA link
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ओ, पो |
o |
old
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| au
|
औ, पौ |
au |
h'ow
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| ◌̃
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ँ |
◌̃/m̐ |
nasal vowel [ɐ̃], [ãː], [õː], etc.)[५]
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- ↑ १.० १.१ १.२ Devanagari consonant letters such as क have the inherent vowel अ a. Thus, क is pronounced ka, even without any vowel sign added. But the IPA and IAST shown here have the consonant k only and do not include the vowel 'a'.
- ↑ २.० २.१ २.२ Comparison of IAST with ISO 15919 transliteration.
- ↑ visarga - a diacritic attached to vowels but realized as a consonant
- ↑ a compound consonant of ज and ञ
- ↑ ५.० ५.१ ५.२ ५.३ ५.४ Vowels may occur nasalised as an allophone of the nasal consonants in certain positions: see anusvara and chandrabindu.
- ↑ Sanskrit distinguishes between long and short vowels. Each monophthong has a long and short phoneme. The diphthongs, historically /əi, aːi, əu, aːu/, also have a difference in quality: [e, ei, o, ou]. Rarely, vowels may be extra-long.
- ↑ In Classical Sanskrit, stress was predictable by syllable weight: counting from the end of a word, the second-last was stressed if heavy (having a long vowel or a coda consonant); if it was light, the third-last was stressed if heavy; otherwise, stress fell on the fourth-last syllable. Vedic Sanskrit, in contrast, possessed an unpredictable pitch accent.
